Australian Progressive Economic Development

Question: Discuss about the Australian Progressive Economic Development. Answer: Introduction The demand of a product by the consumer is what triggers the production. After a market research and an effort made by a potential entrepreneur to identify a market gap, one of the key factor that influences his or her decision on whether to engage in the production of the commodity under research is the size of the market (Brandow, 1961). Apart from that he or she also looks on other factors such as does the market have any potential of growth? How easy is it to obtain the raw materials that are crucial in the production of a product? What are the government policies in the area? How well is the area developed in terms of infrastructure? Among other things. The size of the market creates a demand pull. The size of the demand pull is determined by the extent the consumers they willing to do to get the commodity. After a production industry has been established by an entrepreneur they have to gauge their supply with the quantity demanded (Smith, Friesz, 1985). These two parameters le ad to the supply and demand curves. This is so because the entrepreneur has to determine an optimal point, an equilibrium, in the curves of which the quantity they supply to the market, is the same amount of quantity demanded and that they will all be purchased. This is to avoid overproduction in the firm which may lead to products going bad while still in the market especially if the company is dealing with foodstuffs which may result to extreme loss by the company and to ensure that there is a continuous production process in the chain of production (Helpman, 1987). In the practical world, market prices are determined good inventory which is held by the manufacturers and not the rate at which goods are supplied to the market by the manufacturers. If they supply goods at an equal rate to which the consumers demand the companys products, then the market will be said to be at equilibrium. However if this is not the case and the manufacturers supply more that the quantity demanded then there will be a possible inflation as they will be forced to lower their prices to attract more buyers. The same case applies if they produce a few products then there will be excess competition in the quantity demanded and this will result in extreme prices to the products (Shafer, Sonnenschein, 1982). Demand This is the ability and willingness of a consumer to purchase a product. The demand for a commodity is mainly a product of two qualities which are the taste and this describes the consumers preference of the very commodity other that other similar commodities in the market and the other is the ability to buy which dictates the consumer ability to purchase the exact commodity at a particular price of which he or she has a preference of taste in it (Sonnenschein, 1973). These two factors rely on the price of the market. For instance when the price of a particular commodity is high in the market there will be a subsequent drop in demand of the product especially when alternative product has a cheaper price and the consumer is not willing to buy the very commodity at the high price or when the consumer disposable income does not put him or her in the position to purchase the commodity at that price. When the prices are low there will be a consequential high demand. This is because at very low prices many consumers of all classes, upper, middle and lower class will be able to purchase the product. However, consumers taste may vary over time. Continued use of the product may alter the demand by the consumer and over time their preference may change and they may opt for other products leading to a drop in demand it (Sonnenschein, 1973). The curve above explains the market demand scenario based on the demand of a commodity. The graph explains the consumers willingness to purchase a commodity at a particular price. However, this graph seem to explain that the quantity demanded is only affected by the price of the product, this is not true as other factors do affect the demand of a commodity by the consumer but in the scenario above they have been kept constant (Jaffe, 1988). Supply This is the ability and the willingness of the suppliers to supply a certain commodity to the market a certain set price. In the case of a higher price of a commodity in te market the suppliers will be more willing to supply are goods as the marginal revenue they realize is increased due to the elevated profits returns. In the practical market a scenario in which the inventory is much less than the desired inventory, the suppliers raises both the price and the volume of their supply to the market. In the short run, increasing the supply of commodities to the market will definitely lead to high production costs which eventually will have a direct impact on the price of the end product as they will rise. This price rise will have a positive impact on the producers as they will increase their supply (Chang, Schorfheide, 2003). The supply curve above slopes upwards. This is because every additional unit is taken to be more complex and difficult to produce than the previous unit and hence this reflects directly on the higher prices per unit increment. A short-term expansion in the production chain can mainly be achieved by making workers work on overtime rates, increase the labor force by contracting to a source from outside or just simply by increasing the workload on the present equipment (Cohen, Diether, Malloy, 2007). Relation between quantity demanded and quantity supplied Demand is a number of products or service that an end consumer is willing and able to buy at a particular price. Supply, on the other hand, refer to the quantity that a manufacturing or service industry is willing and able to supply at a particular market price. Consumers and producers react differently to a fluctuation of the market price of commodities (Jamison, Plott, 1997). For example, when there is an increment in price, the ability and willingness of the suppliers to offer the same commodity in the market will increase. However, on the other hand, the ability and willingness of the consumers to buy the same commodity will reduce. The figure below illustrates the above theory (Smith, Friesz, 1985). In the table above we note the quantity of the commodity supplied at each price. It is clear that as the price decreases there is a corresponding increase in supply and when there is shoot in price there is a corresponding decrease in supply (Guide Jr, Teunter, Van Wassenhove, 2003). The market reaches an equilibrium when there is an equality in the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied as illustrated by the graph below. It is evident that the supply and the demand curves get to equilibrium when the quantity supplied is at 57. Taking for example if the price of the commodity was at 30, the manufacturers would be willing and able to supply 84 units of the products, however from the quantity demanded at a price of 30 only 28 units of the product will be sold and evidently the producers would have so much excess inventory which is definitely a loss to them. To take back their inventory to the optimal level, the producers would have to reduce their market prices to a price of 15 w here the quantity supplied and the quantity demanded are at equilibrium (Freeman, 1979). Quantity of product Analysis using the data provided The number of persons employed is defined as the total number of people with full-time jobs in unison with those in the part-time jobs. Analysis of employment as a full time or part time is derived respect to the number of hours worked by an employee in a typical time span rather than a given reference period. The idea of usual hours is applied to persons working as well as persons on a temporary absenteeism (Burgess, Campbell, 1998). With full-time employment, a worker must have worked for 35 hours or even more within a week. On the other hand, a part-time employment refers to a person having worked for less than 35 hours with a week. With the Australian economic fluctuations, the government decided to study its employment trends over the years. This study would explain the movements of the countrys labor force with special concern focused on the shifting between full time and part time jobs. More so the statics was intended to study the movement in and out of the work duty (Campbe ll, Burgess, 2001) In my analysis I have used the data from 1985 because it is from then that the profit before income of several independent parameters like Accommodation and food services Transport, postal and warehousing Information media and telecommunications Financial and insurance services Rental, hiring and real estate services Rental, hiring and real estate services and ; Total State and Industry. By so doing I will be able to compare various population, gender and employment statistics to come up with a fine prediction of the countrys level of unemployment and the number of worker versus the total profits realized in millions. The increase in population leading to increasing in profits Over the years the pollution of Australia has been increasing steadily. This has been the case with both genders in that the female and the males. However the male population continuously to lead in numbers compared to the female population. An increase in population has a corresponding increase in the number of the available labor force (Dawkins, Norris, 1987). This labor force has been continuously increasing in the industrial basis of Australia hence the level of outputs increased significantly over the years as the population progressively grew as shown in the graph below (Romeyn, 1992). Gender based unemployment Following the data provided it is evident that the population of the male gender unemployed is far much great than their female counterparts. This can be explained that the male population in the country is leading the female population (Pettit, Hook, 2005). This is then directly reflected in the number of unemployed as there are more male unemployed compared to the female population (Preston, A., Whitehouse, G. (2004). In the early years the female gender did not participate much in employment but over the year they have caught up with the male gender and even the female unemployed to employed ratios has been increasing over the years (Pocock, Elton, Preston, Charlesworth, MacDonald, Baird, Ellem, 2008). Comparison of the employed versus the unemployed population The level of the unemployed compared to that of the employed population gives the graph below. It shows that the employed population is by far much great compared to the unemployed one. The economic condition in Australia has a favorable job market and most of the population readily get a job. This is also evident in the unemployed to population ratio. This ratio presents a very small figure that continuously drop over the years (Romeyn, 1992). The total population versus the employed population As the data presents there not much difference between the total population and the employed population. At the early years, the two graphs show a small figure in this trend. However as the years progressed there was a growth in population as well as the countrys economy. The economic growth boosted the countrys economy and the industrial, production and servicing sectors employed even more people from the growing population. However, the too much population could not be fully employed as some remained unemployed as stipulated from the graph above (Gornick, 1994). The total population increase leading to an increase in social services With the population increasing over the years the government has realized an increase in the provision of social amenities. This is because with the continuous growth in population and the countrys economy, the labor force has enjoyed incomes which has consequently increased their disposable income making them opt for better standards of living which incorporate the social amenities. These include the infrastructural tools as well as the social requirements by the general public (Lebow, Saks, Wilson, 2003). Analysis of nominal and real wages and their interrelationship A nominal wage is a standard rate of payment that employee is compensated. This payment has not the adjustment in the case of inflation. On the other hand, real wage is the quality of services and the amount of goods that a worker buys from his/normal wages. The labor supply id primarily determined by the real wage. In that, the economic status of a workforce is measured on the basis of the amount of products and services he/she is able to purchase. In the case when the prices of the products and services have been doubled, the laborer will have to double his/her amount of the nominal wage to be able to purchase the exact quantity of the product (Bhaduri, Marglin, 1990). Nominal wage is mainly measured in monetary values. The real wage, however, is nominal wage in a given economy after changes in purchasing capability of a worker. They are related in that the real wage is given by nominal wage divided by price levels (Lebow, Stockton, Wascher, 1995). Real wage = nominal wage/price level The workforce mostly is much concerned with the real wage and not the normal wage. This is so because the real wage takes into account the trade-off between the time spent in leisure and the ones in purchasing of good and services. Firms mainly are concerned with the real wage because it estimates the bill that the firm will endure in case they are to increase their workforce numbers (Bhaduri, Marglin, 1990). Conclusion Australia is an excellent example of an ever growing country will excellent economic grow. The analysis of the data has proven that the country is just more than providing a job for its employees but also taking care of their welfare in terms of nursing homes and provision of insurance policies all round matters affecting the employees as a whole. The country has provided a favorable environment to attract external investors who have established businesses within the country thus ensuring its population is free of unemployment and despite this is not yet achieved the statistical data clearly suggests that the country is in the right track on the fight against unemployment (Kidd, 1993). The government has also encouraged women to participate in the development of the countrys economy by giving them job and we can see that the level of women employed is now almost at par with that of the male. This strategy should be enumerated by other countries one of the best ways to ensure economic growth (Lebow, Stockton, Wascher, 1995). References Bhaduri, A., Marglin, S. (1990). Unemployment and the real wage: the economic basis for contesting political ideologies. Cambridge journal of Economics, 14(4), 375-393. Brandow, G. E. (1961). Interrelations among demands for farm products and implications for control of market supply. Burgess, J., Campbell, I. (1998). Casual employment in Australia: growth, characteristics, a bridge or a trap?. The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 9(1), 31-54. Burgess, J., Strachan, G. (1999). The expansion in non-standard employment in Australia and the extension of employers control. In Global trends in flexible labour (pp. 121-140). Macmillan Education UK. Campbell, I., Burgess, J. (2001). Casual employment in Australia and temporary employment in Europe: Developing a cross-national comparison. Work, Employment Society, 15(1), 171-184. Chang, Y., Schorfheide, F. (2003). Labor-supply shifts and economic fluctuations. Journal of monetary Economics, 50(8), 1751-1768. Cohen, L., Diether, K. B., Malloy, C. J. (2007). Supply and demand shifts in the shorting market. The Journal of Finance, 62(5), 2061-2096. Dawkins, P. J., Norris, K. (1987). Casual employment in Australia. Murdoch University. Freeman, C. (1979). The determinants of innovation: Market demand, technology, and the response to social problems. Futures, 11(3), 206-215. Gornick, J. C. (1994). Women, employment, and part-time work: a comparative study of the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. Harvard University. Guide Jr, V. D. R., Teunter, R. H., Van Wassenhove, L. N. (2003). Matching demand and supply to maximize profits from remanufacturing. Manufacturing Service Operations Management, 5(4), 303-316. Helpman, E. (1987). Macroeconomic effects of price controls: The role of market structure. Jaffe, A. B. (1988). Demand and supply influences in R D intensity and productivity growth. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 431-437. Jamison, J. C., Plott, C. R. (1997). Costly offers and the equilibration properties of the multiple unit double auction under conditions of unpredictable shifts of demand and supply. Journal of Economic Behavior Organization, 32(4), 591-612. Kidd, M. P. (1993). Immigrant wage differentials and the role of self employment in Australia. Australian Economic Papers, 32(60), 92-115. Lebow, D. E., Saks, R. E., Wilson, B. A. (2003). Downward nominal wage rigidity: Evidence from the employment cost index. Advances in Macroeconomics, 3(1). Lebow, D. E., Stockton, D. J., Wascher, W. (1995). Inflation, nominal wage rigidity, and the efficiency of labor markets. Mowery, D., Rosenberg, N. (1979). The influence of market demand upon innovation: a critical review of some recent empirical studies. Research policy, 8(2), 102-153. Pettit, B., Hook, J. (2005). The structure of women's employment in comparative perspective. Social Forces, 84(2), 779-801. Pocock, B., Elton, J., Preston, A., Charlesworth, S., MacDonald, F., Baird, M., Ellem, B. (2008). The Impact ofWork Choices' on Women in Low Paid Employment in Australia: A Qualitative Analysis. Journal of Industrial Relations, 50(3), 475-488. Preston, A., Whitehouse, G. (2004). Gender differences in occupation of employment within Australia. Australian Journal of Labour Economics, 7(3), 309. Romeyn, Jane. (1992). Flexible working time: part-time and casual employment: an information and discussion paper. Shafer, W., Sonnenschein, H. (1982). Market demand and excess demand functions. Handbook of mathematical economics, 2, 671-693. Smith, T. E., Friesz, T. L. (1985). Spatial market equilibria with flow-dependent supply and demand: The single commodity case. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 15(2), 181-218. Sonnenschein, H. (1973). The utility hypothesis and market demand theory. Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science.

The New Age After the 1500s Essay Example For Students

The New Age After the 1500s Essay After 1500 there were many signs that a new age of world history was beginning, for example the discovery of America and the first European enterprises in Asia. This new age was dominated by the astonishing success of one civilization among many, that of Europe. There was more and more continuous interconnection between events in all countries, but it is to be explained by European efforts. Europeans eventually became masters of the globe and they used their mastery to make the world one. That resulted in a unity of world history that can be detected until today. Politics, empire-building, and military expansion were only a tiny part of what was going on. Besides the economic integration of the globe there was a much more important process going on: The spreading of assumptions and ideas. The result was to be One World. The age of independent The history of the centuries since 1500 can be described as a series of wars and violent struggles. We will write a custom essay on The New Age After the 1500s specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Obviously men in different countries did not like another much more than their predecessors did. However, they were much more alike than their ancestors were, which was an outcome of what we now call modernization. One could also say that the world was Europeanized, for modernization was a matter of ideas and techniques which have an European origin. It was with the modernization of Europe that the unification of world history began. A great change in Europe was the starting-point of modern history.There was a continuing economic predominance of agriculture. Agricultural progress increasingly took two main forms: Orientation towards the market, and technical innovation. They were interconnected. A large population in the neighborhood meant a market and therefore an incentive. Even in the fifteenth century the inhabitants of so called low countries were already leaders in the techniques of intensive cultivation. Better drainage opened the way to better pasture and to a larger animal population. Agricultural improvement favored the reorganization of land in bigger farms, the reduction of the number of small holders, the employment of wage labor, and high capital investment in buildings, drainage and In the late sixteenth century one response to the pressure of expanding population upon slowly growing resources had been the promoting of emigration. By 1800, Europeans had made a large contribution to the peopling of new lands overseas. It was already discernible in the sixteenth century when there began the long expansion of world commerce which was to last until 1930. It started by carrying further the shift of economic gravity from southern to north-western Europe, from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, which has already been remarked. One contribution to this was made by political troubles and wars such as ruined Italy in the early sixteenth century. The great commercial success story of the sixteenth century was Antwerps, though it collapsed after a few decades in political and economic disaster. In the seventeenth century Amsterdam and London surpassed it. In each case an important trade based on a well-populated hinterland provided profits for diversification into manufacturing industry, services, and banking. The Bank of Amsterdam and The Bank of England were already international economic forces in the in the seventeenth century. About them clustered other banks and merchant houses undertaking operations of credit and finance. Interest rates came down and the bill of exchange, a medieval invention, underwent an enormous extension of use and became the primary financial instrument of international trade. This was the beginning of the increasing use of paper, instead of bullion. In the eighteenth century came the first European paper currencies and the invention of the check. .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 , .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .postImageUrl , .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 , .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8:hover , .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8:visited , .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8:active { border:0!important; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8:active , .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8 .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub974d31637a6fd9d74cdc15f38eb40f8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Use of Suspense in Julius Caesar Essay Joint stock companies generated another form of negotiable security, their own shares. Quotation of these in London coffee-houses in the seventeenth century was overtaken by the foundation of the London Stock Exchange. By 1800 similar institutions existed in many other countries. It was also the time of some spectacular disastrous investment projects, one of which was the great English South Sea Bubble. But all the time the world was growing more commercial, more used to the idea of employing money to make money, and was supplying itself with the apparatus of modern One effect quickly

Reflections of the First Amendment Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Reflections of the First Amendment Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Reflections of the First Amendment Reflections of the First Amendment Reflections of the First Amendment University of Phoenix HIS/301- The United States Constitution Reflections of the First Amendment The First Amendment, also called the Great Amendment, is in many ways the cornerstone of America?s free, open, and tolerant society. The First Amendment is the basis of a democracy that values individual liberty. The amendment protects the freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly, and petition. It guarantees that Americans can share the information they need for a strong public debate on the issues, and to act on the issues. The five freedoms specifically protected in the First Amendment are not mutually exclusive, so there has been considerable overlap in real-life cases. Freedom of Religion The First Amendment guarantees that the government will not prefer one religion over another. It also guarantees that the government will not prefer religion in general over nonreligion or the lack of religion. The protections for religion in the First Amendment are two-sided. The Establishment Clause says, ?Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion?while the Exercise Clause says, ?or prohibiting the free exercise thereof .The Establishment Clause is considered absolute; the government cannot prohibit anyone from establishing or following their own religion. In one of the first religion cases to come before the Supreme Court, a Utah man asked the justices to overturn a federal law prohibiting polygamy; he said having more than one wife was part of his Mormon religion. The court held up the polygamy law, reasoning that religion was not a license for extreme behavior (The Christian Monitor). The Supreme Court had seen a raise in First Amendment cases in the mid-twentieth century, many of them involving Jehovah?s Witnesses appealing against local laws aimed at keeping them from practicing the ?witness? part of their faith by going door-to-door and handing out leaflets. One law that was overturned required them to have permits, and another let authorities charge them with littering for leaving their leaflets around town. (NewsMax.com Wires2002) School Prayer In 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that the New York Board of Regents violated the First Amendment by requiring a prayer, written to be non-denominational, to be recited in public schools. The following year, the court ruled that public schools cannot require daily Bible readings or recitations, including the Lord?s Prayer (FindLaw 2011). A 1985 Supreme Court case overturned an Alabama law allowing schools to have a one-minute of silence at the start of the school day; it might have permissible if the minute of silence was for nonreligious purposes. Subsequent cases have held that invocations at public school graduation ceremonies are unconstitutional, even if attendance is voluntary and the students vote to have an opening prayer, and so are student-initiated prayers before public-school football games (FindLaw, 2011). Religious Displays A religion-oriented display, such as the manger scene at Christmas, is not necessarily a violation of church and state. The Supreme Court has held that it is, depending on whether it seems to be presented to benefit or promote a particular view of religion, or whether it is part of a more secular display to celebrate the season. A manger scene in a county courthouse has been held unconstitutional, for example, while a Christmas tree and a menorah have been allowed. Similarly, displays of religious symbols such as the Ten Commandments may or may not violate the First Amendment. The court pointed out the distinction, by a pair of five to four rulings, in two cases in 2005. The cases were distinguished by a single swing vote, Justice David Souter. Souter said a Ten Commandments monument in a Texas park at the state capitol in Austin was all right because there were other nonreligious symbols of law and justice in the park. On the other hand, he said Ten Commandment plaques placed in Ken tucky courthouses appeared to be religious symbols because they stand alone, rather than as a part of a larger secular display (Marus 2005, Associated Baptist Press). One of the most highly publicized cases involving religious symbols began in 2001, when Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore installed a large monument in the state judicial building. The ACLU and others filed a suit, claiming the monument violated the separation of

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The Fashioned Body - Essay Example The essay "The Fashioned Body" discusses the topic of Gender Identity and Social Norms. These include biological factors such as genetic constitution. Social factors also influence gender identity. This paper discusses how one set of social factors, namely social norms, influences a person's perception of being a man or a woman. In order to accomplish this task, backgrounds on gender identity and social norms will be discussed. Thereafter, specific aspects of social norms and how they affect gender identity will be examined. Sigmund Freud is largely held as the father of modern psychoanalysis. In 1905, Freud presented their theory of psychological development in a publication titled Tree Essays on the Theory of Sexuality. Freud claimed and purported to prove that prior to birth, infants do not distinguish between the sexes(Elgstrom, 2000). To them, both the father and the mother have the same reproductive organs and abilities. Based on this, Freud inferred that that originally, a per son is wired to be bisexual. They added that heterosexuality was the result of repression during infancy when gender identity becomes embedded in the infant. According to Freud, at this stage, the child experiences sexual fantasies for the parent of the opposite sex while developing hatred for the parent of the same sex. The problem with Freud is that they tried to explain everything in terms of sex and sexuality. For instance, they are on record for claiming that the reason a farmer engages in crop farming.

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Entreprenuership - Essay Example Similarly, customers are issued with â€Å"thank you† messages, letters and even phone calls. Therefore, this makes a person to feel valued and an important member of the business (Kivetz, Urminsky and Zheng, 2006). Also, such retail outlets provided an environment conducive to me, and this attracted my attention. The sales people were customer friendly and they always approach each and every customer with the right offer in a right way. However, Wal-Mart or Supervalu have the strategy of bringing back the â€Å"lost sheep†. These grocery retail outlets provided extraordinary customer services. All their products were delivered on time, and they ensure that they meet their deadline. The most important thing is that they deliver zero-defect product, and they also have an outstanding people who offer their services. They have complaints procedure whereby customers can place their dissatisfaction about the retail outlet. Additionally, after receiving complaints, they act on them promptly by issuing a letter of apology or call their customers, and also making follow-up actions. Lastly, the three retail outlets always respond to customers’ concern. For example, there was a time when the products from most groceries were too expensive to most customers. The real thing they did was to offer a discount. Therefore, such kind of services to customers made me pick Wal-Mart, Whole Foods and Supervalu over other groceries retail outlets. Kivetz, Ran, Oleg Urminsky, and Yuhuang Zheng. "The goal-gradient hypothesis resurrected: Purchase acceleration, illusionary goal progress, and customer retention." Journal of Marketing Research 43.1 (2006):

Review of Related Literatures and Studies Essay Example for Free

Review of Related Literatures and Studies Essay Local Studies: One of the past local studies that is relevant to our research was made way back 2009. I think it has something to help in our current issues about our researches.   On December 5, 2009, Mapua Institute of Technology finalized their research named â€Å"The effects of Computer Addiction to the Academic Performances of Mapua Institute of Technology First year Students†. It seems like familiar or should I say Same Title but in our research we include Computer Games Addiction and also its effect on academic performance on selected freshmen CCIS students. This research was made by 4 Mapua Students. In their research, they interviewed 16 first year students about study habits and computer addiction. As the survey results, 11 participants were classified computer addicts. The results of that survey back 2009 showed that computer addicts spends more time playing computer than studying. Their research also concluded that computer addiction have lead students to have a declining grade on their academic performances of first year students in the said University. With the help of this past research, we can make our research stronger and more useful. It will give us more information and ideas that are related to what are the goals we want to achieve. Philline Kate Vera C. Palaà ±a, Juan Paolo D. Rabacio,Marjorie Maralit, Nidia P.D.C. Andrade. The-Effects-of-Computer-Addiction-to-the-Academic-Performances-of-Mapua-Institute-of-Technology-First-Year-Students. 5 December 2009. http://www.scribd.com. Philline Kate Vera C. Palaà ±aJuan Paolo D. RabacioMarjorie Maralit Nidia P.D.C. AndradeMapua Institute of Technology. Local Literature: â€Å"Video games will ruin your children’s future†- Cesar Tolentino, a Market Research Analyst and Consultant here in the Philippines. In his blog/ article on http://www.gdap.org.ph, where the title of his featured blog is â€Å"Turning the tide: Changing the Filipino Outlook Towards Gaming†. He stated there that â€Å"there are cases of overuse and abuse among gamers for online games in the country, we should advocate responsible gaming†. In this case, many students failed in their academic performance because of too much playing or becoming addict in computer games. He stated also, † It’s all a matter of mind conditioning. Often those who became so addicted to games and suffered low grades or failures in school also have family problems. Responsible gamers know their priorities. There are actually many valedictorians and dean’s listers who play video and computer games too.† I think this will help us in finding the reason why many students keep playing computer games at all. Tolentino, Cesar. features/turning-the-tide-changing-the-filipino-outlook-towards-gaming/. 6 July 2011. http://www.gdap.org.ph. http://www.gdap.org.ph/features/turning-the-tide-changing-the-filipino-outlook-towards-gaming/.